Argues that in an information age competence of an individual cannot be discerned in the product they produce but on the impression they make, therefore marketing through impressions provides basis for decision making. Sees challenge to education in teaching how to process information in the most appropriate way. (KO)

A study among college students investigated the effects on the developing knowledge system of the second-language learner of two different types of instruction: instruction as manipulation of output, and as structured or focused input processing. Results support the input-processing perspective and the salience of the role of input. (43…