Tests theoretical model suggesting that ratio of nonwhite to white rural population engaged in farming in Virginia can be determined by assessing extent to which black farm operators had access to land, labor, capital, and social status. Finds changing social forces of production have decreased the proportion of black farmers. (LFL)

School effectiveness indices (SEIs) based on residuals from regressing test performance in reading and mathematics onto prior-year test performance and a socioeconomic status measure (percentage eligible for a subsidized lunch program) were obtained for two consecutive years for 431 South Carolina elementary schools. The analysis involved school…

What percent of Americans have been exposed to arts education? Has it changed over time? How do demographic characteristics correlate with arts education? What is the state of arts education in U.S. schools? These research questions are the focus of this report, which is presented in two parts. Using data from the Surveys of Public Participation…