This research aimed to determine the methods for teaching piano by focusing on the synthesis of the concept of universalism and the author's philosophy of pedagogy, which affect the piano performance. Using an uneven scale, the author revealed that at baseline, the traditional approach to teaching piano was common (58%). However, this educational…

Music classrooms have incorporated elements of cooperative peer learning for generations. Whether sharing an instrument or composing a song together, peers interact in many meaningful and spontaneous ways. While the principles of peer-assisted learning (PAL) might be familiar to many music teachers, the process and structures of reciprocal peer…

The aspiring composer's development is commonly described using the metaphor of finding one's own composer voice. A central goal for teaching composition in higher music education is to guide students toward finding such a voice--toward personal expression and creativity. In order to shed light on the teaching strategies associated with this goal,…