Through the use of the Program for International Student Assessment's (PISA) Global Competence results, the Economic Intelligence Unit's (EIU) Democracy Index ratings, and centralization-decentralization spectrum rubrics, this dissertation shows the association between level of democracy and education system, and the association of these variables…

Qualifications frameworks are tools for describing qualifications of an education or training system by classifying them into levels. Each level provides a clear description of what the holder of a qualification knows, understands and is able to do. They are important tools for making qualifications transparent and comprehensible, within and…

This document is organized in three volumes and aims to cater to the diverse needs of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET)-related institutions. From their unique perspectives, the document explores and examines the three I's process: the timely and accurate identification of new qualifications and competencies (NQCs), their…