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Showing 1 to 15 of 24 results Save | Export
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Sarah H. Solomon; Anna C. Schapiro – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
Concepts contain rich structures that support flexible semantic cognition. These structures can be characterized by patterns of feature covariation: Certain features tend to cluster in the same items (e.g., "feathers," "wings," "can fly"). Existing computational models demonstrate how this kind of structure can be…
Descriptors: Concept Formation, Learning Processes, Verbal Stimuli, Visual Stimuli
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Keith J. Holyoak; Nicholas Ichien; Hongjing Lu – Creativity Research Journal, 2024
Creativity is typically defined as the generation of novel and useful ideas or artifacts. This generative capacity is crucial to everyday problem solving, technological innovation, scientific discovery, and the arts. A central concern of cognitive scientists is to understand the processes that underlie human creative thinking. We review evidence…
Descriptors: Creative Thinking, Logical Thinking, Stimuli, Relationship
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Hadar Ram; Guy Grinfeld; Nira Liberman – npj Science of Learning, 2024
We show that learners generalized more broadly around the learned stimulus when they expected more variability between the learning set and the generalization set, as well as within the generalization set. Experiments 1 and 3 used a predictive learning task and demonstrated border perceptual generalization both when expected variability was…
Descriptors: Generalization, Predictor Variables, Learning Processes, Correlation
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Marília Nunes-Silva; Gleidiane Salomé; Fernando Lopes Gonçalves; Thenille Braun Janzen; Benjamin Rich Zendel – Research Studies in Music Education, 2024
Music performance is an intensive sensorimotor task that involves the generation of mental representations of musical information that are actively accessed, maintained, and manipulated according to the demands of the performance. Internal representations and external information interact through feedback and feedforward processes that adjust the…
Descriptors: Sensory Experience, Music Education, Musical Instruments, Video Technology
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Sajjad Farashi; Ensiyeh Jenabi; Saeid Bashirian; Afshin Fayyazi; Mohammad Rezaei; Katayoon Razjouyan – Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2025
People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show deficits in the processing of visual stimuli. This systematic review summarized the differences in visual event-related potential (ERP) components among ASD and typically developing individuals. Major databases were searched for finding eligible studies that investigated differences in visual ERP…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Visual Stimuli, Emotional Intelligence, Familiarity
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Kenny Yu; Wolf Vanpaemel; Francis Tuerlinckx; Jonas Zaman – npj Science of Learning, 2024
Perception and perceptual memory play crucial roles in fear generalization, yet their dynamic interaction remains understudied. This research (N = 80) explored their relationship through a classical differential conditioning experiment. Results revealed that while fear context perception fluctuates over time with a drift effect, perceptual memory…
Descriptors: Generalizability Theory, Generalization, Fear, Learning Processes
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David Ruiz Méndez – Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 2024
The aim of this study was to model a situation that induced choice between following two incompatible rules, each associated with a different rate of reinforcement. In Experiment 1, eight undergraduate students were exposed to a two-component multiple schedule (training). In each component, there was a concurrent variable interval (VI)-extinction…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Guidelines, Reinforcement, Undergraduate Students
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Jessica L. Paranczak; Joseph M. Lambert; Jennifer R. Ledford; Bailey A. Copeland; M. Janey Macdonald – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2024
Recommendations for achieving generalized instructional outcomes often overlook the capacity for generative learning for most verbally competent humans. Four children (ages 5-8) participated in this project. In Study 1, we provided decontextualized discrete trial teaching to establish arbitrary relations between colors, pictures of characters, and…
Descriptors: Applied Behavior Analysis, Teaching Methods, Behavior Modification, Instructional Effectiveness
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Natasa Ganea; Caspar Addyman; Jiale Yang; Andrew Bremner – Child Development, 2024
This study investigated whether infants encode better the features of a briefly occluded object if its movements are specified simultaneously by vision and audition than if they are not (data collected: 2017-2019). Experiment 1 showed that 10-month-old infants (N = 39, 22 females, White-English) notice changes in the visual pattern on the object…
Descriptors: Infants, Child Development, Multisensory Learning, Recall (Psychology)
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Alba López-Moraga; Laura Luyten; Tom Beckers – npj Science of Learning, 2024
Pervasive avoidance is one of the central symptoms of all anxiety-related disorders. In treatment, avoidance behaviors are typically discouraged because they are assumed to maintain anxiety. Yet, it is not clear if engaging in avoidance is always detrimental. In this study, we used a platform-mediated avoidance task to investigate the influence of…
Descriptors: Fear of Success, Animal Behavior, Animals, Males
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Candice C. Morey; Angela M. AuBuchon; Meg Attwood; Thomas Castelain; Nelson Cowan; Davide Crepaldi; Emilie Fjerdingstad; Eivor Fredriksen; Chris Jarrold; Chris Koch; Jaroslaw R. Lelonkiewicz; Gary Lupyan; Whitney Mendenhall; David Moreau; Christina Schonberg; Christian K. Tamnes; Haley Vlach; Emily M. Elliott – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2025
Though verbal rehearsal is a frequently endorsed strategy for remembering short lists among adults, there is ambiguity around when children deploy it, and what circumstantial factors encourage them to rehearse. We recoded data from a recent multilab replication of a serial picture memory task in which children were observed for evidence of…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Recall (Psychology), Learning Processes, Priming
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Felix Hao Wang; Meili Luo; Nan Li – Developmental Science, 2024
In word learning, learners need to identify the referent of words by leveraging the fact that the same word may co-occur with different sets of objects. This raises the question, what do children remember from "in the moment" that they can use for cross-situational learning? Furthermore, do children represent pictures of familiar animals…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Vocabulary Development, Memory, Language Acquisition
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Birgit Brucker; Georg Pardi; Fabienne Uehlin; Laura Moosmann; Martin Lachmair; Marc Halfmann; Peter Gerjets – Educational Psychology Review, 2024
Virtual reality (VR) applications are developing rapidly, becoming more and more affordable, and offer various advantages for learning contexts. Dynamic visualizations are generally suitable for depicting continuous processes (e.g., different movement patterns), and particularly dynamic virtual 3D-objects can provide different perspectives on the…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Spatial Ability, Motion, Computers
Jessica Lee Paranczak – ProQuest LLC, 2024
Recommendations for achieving generalized instructional outcomes often overlook the capacity for generative learning. We sought to demonstrate how decontextualized and logically organized instruction would lead to derived and contextually appropriate recombinative generalization and arbitrarily applicable relational responding (AARRing) in…
Descriptors: Generalization, Children, Intellectual Disability, Developmental Disabilities
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Eva Viviani; Michael Ramscar; Elizabeth Wonnacott – Cognitive Science, 2024
Ramscar, Yarlett, Dye, Denny, and Thorpe (2010) showed how, consistent with the predictions of error-driven learning models, the order in which stimuli are presented in training can affect category learning. Specifically, learners exposed to artificial language input where objects preceded their labels learned the discriminating features of…
Descriptors: Symbolic Learning, Learning Processes, Artificial Intelligence, Prediction
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