Game-based learning has received increasing attention in recent years as it could help improve pupils' motivation, self-efficacy, and achievement. Technological innovations like learning analytics (LA) and GBL offer pedagogical support for teachers. GBL could significantly support pupils' learning as a learning approach compared to conventional…

In this work, we consider learning analytics for primary and secondary schools from the perspective of the designer of a learning system. We provide an overview of practically useful analytics techniques with descriptions of their applications and specific illustrations. We highlight data biases and caveats that complicate the analysis and its…

The boom of the 4.0 industrial revolution and the Covid-19 pandemic have changed the teaching and learning process, where digital learning environments have become increasingly necessary and convenient. The application of game-based learning (GBL) provides many benefits, such as helping to improve the quality of the mathematics teaching and…

Personalizing the use of educational mathematics applets to fit learners' characteristics poses a great challenge. The present study adopted a unique approach by comparing personalization processes implemented by a machine to those implemented by a human teacher. Given the different affordances--the machine's access to historical log file data,…

Persistence has proven to be a great challenge in online learning environments. Gaming and interactivity have been suggested as essential features in reducing dropout and increasing persistence in online learning. Yet in interactive game-based learning environments, persistence in moving forward in the game may come at the expense of investing in…

A challenge in digital learning games is assessing students' learning behaviors, which are often intertwined with game behaviors. How do we know whether students have learned enough or needed more practice at the end of their game play? To answer this question, we performed post hoc analyses on a prior study of the game "Decimal Point,"…

The recent shift in compulsory education from ICT-focused computing curricula to informatics, digital literacy and computer science, has resulted in children being taught computing using block-based programming tools such as Scratch, with teaching that is often limited by school resources and teacher expertise. Even without these limitations,…

This study is part of a larger design study that iteratively improves a robotics programming curriculum as well as a computational thinking (CT) instrument. Its focus was majorly on CT assessment and particularly on an online CT instrument with logging functionality that can store a student's problem-solving process by recording interactions…