A theory of the lay epistemic process is outlined. An integrative framework is provided that allows consideration of diverse attributional models in common theoretical terms and derivation of the necessary applicability conditions of different such models. (Author/RL)

Examines the attributions made by depressed clients about responsibility for the causes of and solutions to their problems. University counseling center clients (N=160) completed instruments measuring attributions of responsibility, internality, stability, and controllability of their problems. Results support the hypothesis that depressed clients…

This paper discusses ways in which problem-solving in social situations differs from and is more difficult than problem-solving in other areas. Some of these ways are that social situations are constantly changing, communication is frequently unclear, and strong emotions are often aroused. Problems related to evaluation are discussed as an example…

The research literature on learned helplessness in exceptional children is reviewed and the authors' efforts to identify and retrain learning disabled (LD) children who have characteristics typical of learned helplessness are reported. Twenty-eight elementary aged LD children viewed as "learned helpless" were randomly assigned to one of four…

Research suggests that adults can help students become more responsible by teaching them new ways of thinking about self-control and new skills and strategies for self-control. (JM)

Written by scholars interested in practical questions, the four articles in this review of research on current topics in child development and early education focus on children's social and emotional development and the impact of various settings and interventions on that development. The first article explores the issue of how compensatory…

The concept of self-regulation--the process whereby students activate and sustain behaviors and cognitive paths which are systematically oriented toward attainment of learning goals--is increasing in importance among educators. Self-regulation includes activities such as attending to instruction; organizing, coding, and rehearsing information;…