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| Rumberger, Russell W. | 2 |
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Direct linkRumberger, Russell W. – University of California Linguistic Minority Research Institute, 2003
Two main instructional approaches have been used to educate English learners in California--English language development (ELD) together with academic instruction in the primary language (bilingual education), and ELD with or without Specially Designed Academic Instruction in English (SDAIE). Since the passage of Proposition 227 in June 1998,…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Second Language Learning, English (Second Language), Language Acquisition
Rumberger, Russell W. – University of California Linguistic Minority Research Institute, 2003
Although the passage of Proposition 227 reduced the demand for bilingual teachers, an acute shortage of teachers qualified to deliver needed instructional services to English learners remains. In 1998, prior to the passage of 227, 43 percent of the teachers providing instructional services to English learners were not fully certified to provide…
Descriptors: Teacher Certification, State Legislation, Educational Policy, Second Language Instruction
