Since the terrorist atrocities of September 11, 2001, Westerners have been challenged to understand the ideological and theological concepts, derived from Islam, that motivated the actions of Al-Qaida on that day and in other attacks before and since. Differences in taxonomy have proven to be a major issue. In the author's view, it is insufficient…

The article presents a curriculum-sociological study of "religion" in the classroom. More specifically, it is a study, inspired by Bernstein, Foucault and Bourdieu, that examines various forms of identity politics tied to "religion" and "culture" as these concepts unfold in the classroom in relation to knowledge…

In many ways the religious sciences are named according to their subjects, methodologies and epistemologies. The historical and modern terminologies of such sciences sometimes create confusions in understanding what the epistemic and methodological differences are amongst them. In this article, the various grounds for religion in terms of theology…

This article explores use of several terms that signify Islam, and provides guidelines to clarify their use in internal and external discourses. Building on this foundation, the article delineates a typology of Islamic education and their associated institutions. This enhances understanding of important conceptual differences that hinge upon…