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Direct linkEngzell, Per – Sociological Methods & Research, 2021
In studies of educational achievement, students' self-reported number of books in the family home is a frequently used proxy for social, cultural, and economic background. Absent hard evidence about what this variable captures or how well, its use has been motivated by strong associations with student outcomes. I show that these associations rest…
Descriptors: Educational Research, Research Problems, Books, Socioeconomic Background
Download full textKastberg, David; Roey, Stephen; Ferraro, David; Lemanski, Nita; Erberber, Ebru – National Center for Education Statistics, 2013
The "U.S. TIMSS and PIRLS 2011 Technical Report and User's Guide" provides an overview of the design and implementation of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2011 and the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2011 in the United States and the nine participating benchmarking states:…
Descriptors: Educational Trends, Mathematics Achievement, Science Achievement, Reading Achievement
