This research is designed to find out whether joining an online community combined with contract learning can enhance the learning motivation of students, promote their self-regulated learning, and improve their academic achievements. In this regard, quasi-experiment research was conducted at primary level students in which the experimental group…

Drawing from social resource-social capital theory, this paper aims to clarify and characterize the role of harmonious learner--instructor and learner--learner relationships in promoting experience and retaining learners in online learning environments. Hypotheses are tested by applying a structural equation model and the data are collected from a…