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Peer reviewedBerninger, Virginia W. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1987
Three studies were conducted to investigate changes in global procedures (memory for a whole word), component procedures (memory for a letter in a word), and serial procedures (memory for a letter sequence in a word) as a function of learning to read. (PCB)
Descriptors: Beginning Reading, Letters (Alphabet), Memory, Young Children
Peer reviewedNaslund, Jan Carol; Schneider, Wolfgang – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1996
Compared predictive value of kindergarten phonological awareness tasks and letter knowledge on 134 German first and second graders' literacy performance. Found that phonological awareness tasks varied in prediction of later literacy but were better predictors than letter knowledge. Kindergarten letter knowledge also reliably predicted later…
Descriptors: Developmental Stages, Emergent Literacy, Foreign Countries, Letters (Alphabet)
