This study explores the difference in self-efficacy between high school English language teachers with two levels of curriculum literacy. The data were collected using a curriculum literacy test and a self-efficacy scale that were delivered online to 251 English teachers in Indonesia. The respondents were split into two groups based on their…

This paper presents the results of a research study based on a pedagogical experience of two pre-service English teachers with seventh graders. The main goal was to analyze the students' context representations, after using some songs in English as a trigger for reflection. The pedagogical implementation of the songs was designed from a critical…

Sociocultural theory argues that an individual's mental, social, and material activity is mediated by cultural tools. One such tool is the language or discourse teachers use during whole class interaction in the second language classroom. The purpose of this study was to examine how a Colombian second language teacher mediated her ninth-grade…