Examines the concept of consciousness in second-language research. After defining theoretical assumptions and reviewing a number of controversies in the psycholinguistic and second-language literature, it is argued that the terms conscious and unconscious have acquired too much surplus meaning and should be abandoned in favor of clearly defined…

Examines five cognitive models for second-language acquisition (SLA) and assesses how each might account for the Pidginized interlanguage found in the early stages of second-language acquisition. (23 references) (JL)

Explores the relationship between literacy and second language acquisition by reviewing a study of this relationship which was conducted in a Thai refugee camp and by discussing major findings in second language research. Suggests a functional rather than developmental approach to investigating literacy for community problem solving. (SED)

Evaluates the distinction between competence theories and processing theories of second-language acquisition by examining Chomsky's definitions for competence and performance, and by setting out criteria for competence theories. (70 references) (JL)

Analyzes the prominence in communicative language teaching (CLT) of phenomenalistic and intuitive activities, and examines when, how, and why a person reflects. The discussion also looks at three types of CLT activities that could encourage reflection, including task-oriented, process-oriented, and synthesis-oriented. (39 references) (GLR)

Argues that it is time to begin integrating models of second-language (L2) research, to test and develop integrated models for L2 data, and to develop integrated explanatory theories to explain these data. (22 references) (JL)

This study attempts to determine whether the syntactic errors children make while learning a second language are due to native language interference or to developmental cognitive strategies, as has been found in first language acquisition. (Author)

Discusses the use of verbal reports--general verbal descriptions of cognitive processes and experiences of "subjects." This includes a variety of specific versatile research techniques that can be employed in the study of second-language speech production processes. (Author/VWL)

This article discusses an experiment designed to examine the relationship between the external explanations that learners give for their language behavior, and actual language performance. The subjects who were native and non-native speakers of English were tested on their use of definite articles. (CFM)

A five-point analysis of lecture notes and a postlecture recognition test were used to determine the effectiveness of notetaking of sixty-six native and sixty-three nonnative speakers of English who took notes on a videotaped presentation. Those students able to condense lecture material into propositional information units performed best on the…

Delineates five developmental listening comprehension stages second language learners pass through: (1) streams of sound, with no comprehension; (2) word recognition within the stream; (3) phrase/formula recognition; (4) clause/sentence recognition; and (5) extended speech recognition, or general comprehension. The discussion illustrates the…

Cloze tests are valid, reliable second language proficiency tests. This paper discusses the construction, administration, scoring and interpretation of cloze tests of overall language proficiency. Other uses of the cloze in ESL are mentioned. Finally an explanation of the cognitive processes in doing cloze tasks is offered. (CHK)

English-as-a-Second-Language data show number and person play a role in establishing cognitive continuity of textual occurrences. In such cases, number/person errors are global, affecting text comprehension. Global grammar proposed here can present language features that are to be learned in contexts that render those features cognitively and…

A group of adult intensive English students, language teachers, and graduate music education students were taught a 300-word German vocabulary list in a five-week period, some with and some without Baroque music but with superlearning techniques, and some by traditional techniques. Accelerated learning by superlearning methods could not be…