This quantitative descriptive study identified the differences in the moral reasoning development levels between undergraduate teacher education students enrolled in methods courses and graduate teacher education students enrolled in an alternative certification education program using the Defining Issues Test-2 instrument. Based on Kohlberg's…

As teachers of political theory, our goal is not merely to help students understand the abstract reasoning behind key ideas and texts of our discipline. We also wish to convey the historical contexts that informed these ideas and texts, including the political aims of their authors. But the traditional lecture-and-discussion approach tends to…

This evaluation of the 1988-89 Instrumental Enrichment (IE) program in selected special education classrooms in Detroit (Michigan) found that the program was partially successful in achieving its goals. IE uses a series of paper-and-pencil exercises and follow-up discussions to increase participants' academic achievement, improve behavior, and…