According to architectural designers, although they are aware of the sound environment when designing spaces, in many cases visual (design) and cost (cost-effectiveness, etc.) were the predominant factors. In many cases, the visual (design) and cost aspects (cost-effectiveness, etc.) were dominant. The tacit rule for evaluating the sound…

In this paper, I mine the scholarly work of longtime MIT professor Donald Schön for a set of tactics which, having originated in his studies of the architectural design studio, are shown to be relevant to the architectural analysis of existing buildings. In this way, a specific and hitherto untapped potential of Schön's work is developed, but more…

This article tracks the generative role of research and fragmentation as a means for integrating technology and form within an architecture technology lecture class and a co-requisite design studio. The complexity of teaching building systems integration within a design studio context is achieved by removing any expectation of building design…

Describes instruments that have been used to evaluate design: buildings, parks, etc. (PR)

Architects and other authorities interested in cost control examine the importance and use of its methods and principles. They outline the major factors in design and construction that determine building costs. The discussions include those elements of maintenance, repair, and replacement that add to the cost of a finished building during its…

The present trend in architecture is primarily functionalist in nature, but this functionalism is being increasingly tempered by human factors and artistic considerations. Accordingly, there is emerging a body of doctrine and architectural expression that yields a diversity of designs that must be assessed before any critical selection of…

Universal Design for Learning (UDL) emerged from the field of architectural design when federal legislation required universal access to buildings and other structures for individuals with disabilities. Architects began to design accessibility into buildings during their initial design stage rather than retrofitting standing structures. Using…