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Grove, Carl; Rodda, Michael – American Annals of the Deaf, 1984
Receptive communication skills of 118 severely and profoundly deaf persons, (9-20 years old) were assessed by a multiple-choice pictorial test. The most efficient method of communication was found to be reading, followed by total communication and manual communication; oral methods were clearly the least effective. (Author/CL)
Descriptors: Communication Skills, Elementary Secondary Education, Hearing Impairments, Manual Communication
Cornett, R. Orin – 1978
Examined is the combination of methods (aural, manual, oral) used within the philosophy of total communication for the deaf. The use of Cued Speech, a tool whose purpose is to make spoken language visually clear at the levels of phonems, syllables, suprasegmentals, words, and phrases, is advocated for communication with the deaf. (BD)
Descriptors: Communication Problems, Communication Skills, Cued Speech, Educational Methods

Caccamise, Frank; And Others – American Annals of the Deaf, 1978
The need for selection, standardization, and development of signs and manual communication systems for use in the educational setting is discussed. (Author)
Descriptors: Communication Skills, Curriculum Development, Deafness, Hearing Impairments

Drumm, Philip R. – Volta Review, 1972
A deaf adult argues that total communication as a combination of signs and speech is a fraud from the realistic point of view of a born deaf adult living in a hearing/speaking world. (GW)
Descriptors: Communication Skills, Disabilities, Exceptional Child Education, Hearing Impairments

Newell, William – American Annals of the Deaf, 1978
Twenty-eight deaf adolescents enrolled in a day-class program for the hearing impaired were administered a battery of four short factual stories using oral, manual, simultaneous, and interpreted modalities of communication. (Author/PHR)
Descriptors: Communication Skills, Comprehension, Deaf Interpreting, Deafness

Vernon, McCay – Volta Review, 1972
The author presents a rationale for a total communication approach (involving speech, speechreading, amplification, writing, sign language, and fingerspelling) in educational programs for deaf persons. (GW)
Descriptors: Aural Learning, Communication Skills, Educational Methods, Exceptional Child Education
Vernon, McCay – A.C.E.H.I. Journal, 1987
A review of problems with using such manual communication systems as cued speech, fingerspelling, Signed or Manual English, American Sign Language, and Pidgin Sign provides a rationale for using a combination of American Sign Language and Pidgin Sign and a few markers from Signed English for a Total Communication system. (CB)
Descriptors: American Sign Language, Communication Skills, Cued Speech, Deafness

Penna, Karen L.; Caccamise, Frank – American Annals of the Deaf, 1978
The goal of the Manual/Simultaneous Communication Department (M/SCD) at the National Technical Institute for the Deaf (NTID) is to assist deaf students in developing communication skills. (Author)
Descriptors: Audiolingual Skills, Communication Skills, Deafness, Finger Spelling

Chasen, Barbara; Zuckerman, William – American Annals of the Deaf, 1976
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Communication Skills, Deafness, Elementary Education

Furfey, Paul Hanly – American Annals of the Deaf, 1974
Descriptors: Adults, Communication Skills, Community Surveys, Deafness
Hawkins, Larry; Brawner, Judy – 1997
This digest uses a question-and-answer format to address issues that parents should consider when thinking about the total communication (TC) approach for a child who is deaf or hard of hearing. Total communication is explained as the use of any/all modes of communication (manual, oral, auditory, and written) depending on the needs of the child.…
Descriptors: Communication Skills, Communication (Thought Transfer), Deafness, Decision Making

Conklin, John M.; And Others – American Annals of the Deaf, 1980
Speech, speechreading, and manual reception skills of 78 deaf students were evaluated over a 2-year interval of residency at the National Technical Institute for the Deaf (NTID) in order to determine the relative stability of these skills within an integrated environment which stresses the use of amplification and oral-aural instruction. (Author)
Descriptors: Communication Skills, Deafness, Educational Research, Environmental Influences

Stewart, David A. – Journal of Special Education, 1992
This paper proposes new policies which stress making explicit the roles of sign communication and speech in total communication programs for students with hearing impairments. A review of the literature supports the need to redefine total communication, provide improved preservice and in-service training of teachers in effective communication…
Descriptors: Communication Skills, Elementary Secondary Education, Hearing Impairments, Inservice Teacher Education
Santa Ana Unified School District, CA. – 1971
The use of total communication in educating deaf preschool and elementary school students in the Santa Ana Program for the Hearing Impaired, Orange County, California, is described. Total communication is explained to consist of auditory training, speech, speechreading, fingerspelling, and the language of signs. Aspects of the program described…
Descriptors: Communication Skills, Educational Programs, Elementary School Students, Exceptional Child Education

Hyde, M. B.; Power, D. J. – American Annals of the Deaf, 1992
The comprehension of 30 severely and profoundly deaf students (ages 10 to 17) was evaluated under 11 communication conditions involving individual and combined presentations of lipreading, listening, fingerspelling, and signed English. Severely deaf students scored higher than profoundly deaf students under all but one condition, and all students…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Children, Communication Skills, Comprehension