The author comments on reactions made by Vincent Rogers, Elisabeth Hirsch, and John E. McGill to his original paper. (Author/RM)

The reaction paper discusses how the traditional view of social studies for younger children as a content subject has contributed to ineffective programs. A new approach which views social studies as a skills subject is recommended. (Author/RM)

The article reviews the bases for social studies programs for young children that have developed through the years and comments on the lack of intellectual quality in these programs. (Author/RM)

The author agrees with B. Spodek that the Kamii-Piagetian framework for cognitive goals is a useful conception for teachers and curriculum workers, but cautions that Spodek's analytic scheme may encourage teachers and curriculum workers to compartmentalize learning. The overriding importance of the classroom teacher in improving programs is…

The reaction paper discusses two of the goals for social studies posited by B. Spodek: social knowledge and representation. Specific and concrete examples to enable teachers to translate theory into practice are provided. (Author/RM)

Major social studies objectives delineated in this booklet provide a framework for the measurement of student achievement in the social studies. The booklet is arranged in four chapters. The first chapter describes the development of social studies objectives; the other chapters respectively list the social studies objectives for the specific age…

Explores the social and intellectual factors that account for the separation of ideology from works on rational argument. States that by attending to the ideological aspects of critical thinking, educators will more effectively prepare students to face the contemporary realities of social controversy. (GEA)

The purposes of contemporary affairs education are to (1) provide for full intellectual development of students, (2) make school experiences relevant to real life, and (3) extend democratic institutions by developing an informed, curious citizenry. (Author/AV)

Developmental characteristics of students in middle schools (grades 5-8) are detailed and a social studies curriculum tailored to their particular needs is outlined. (JMF)

This report provides the technical results of the 1971-72 national assessment of social studies. The results are summarized across assessment exercises for the sample. Exhibits include comparison of age for the learning area, of each of the National Assessment's reporting groups with the national level of performance, of the various groups within…

Recent national studies have pointed out the changing educational needs of young people as the United States moves from an industrial society to an information society. Selected middle school students in Ohio were involved in a two-year federally-funded program entitled "Learning for Leadership." The objectives of the program were: (1)…