Differentiation in education can be seen as a means of responding to student diversity in order to meet the vision of "a school for all." Differentiation has been widely addressed within a western context, and it appears to be a versatile phenomenon as it occurs under various guises and with a variety of terms and modes of…

Attempts to increase the effectiveness of media by providing some practical guidelines for the design and implementation of mediated individualized instruction using a systems approach, i.e., a systematic way of identifying developing and evaluating instructional materials and strategies which are designed to accomplish a particular educational…

Five randomly selected experimental groups of twenty-four general college chemistry students participated in this study. Four of the five groups received a version of the systems approach treatment, which consisted of group orientation, individualized learning, small group seminars and unit tests. The fifth group was administered the traditional…

An individualized program for teaching writing skills was initiated for high school students in a writing laboratory program. The major goal was to develop a systematic, individualized approach for teaching 300 specific writing skills. Major characteristics of the program included evaluation of student writing to diagnose and prescribe…

The basic problem examined was whether it is essential that secondary students be required to attend daily classes while studying beginning biology using the SYSTEMS APPROACH TO BIOLOGY program as a method of instruction. The study did not identify the population used nor how it was selected. Students were administered a pretest and posttest,…

The major emphasis of this paper (a summary of the results and implications of recent research into the nature of the teaching process) is the relationship between teacher behavior patterns and teacher effectiveness. The underlying thesis is that application of the scientifically supported systems approach to teacher training can yield (and has…

During the last five years, the Instructional Support System for Occupational Education (ISSOE) in New York State has grown to involve approximately 3,000 teachers in development activities. To manage this system, a management information system was set up to develop reports on student progress, student decision making, and planning for student…

Four alternative designs for educational systems are sketched consonant with existing and potential scientific and technical knowledge and are contrasted with the prevailing generic educational system and each other. Systems are compared for relevance and productivity, for information contained in their proficiency tests, and for their capability…

Although computer applications in the commercial and scientific realms have expanded tremendously, only a small number of the computers in the public schools are utilized for instructional purposes, and an even smaller number are capable of CAI applications. The terminal objective of Project REFLECT is the design of a model plan which could be…

The interaction tasks (or communication process) model, an experimental model to enable instructional managers (in this case education students undergoing microteaching) to demonstrate competence in their interactions with students, is predicated upon four sequential component subsystems: (1) selection, (2) planning, (3) criterion task, and (4)…

To develop a systems-oriented model for guidance and counseling at all levels of schooling, a research project was conducted in a California school district, testing the applicability of systems concepts in guidance at the kindergarten and first grade levels. The project report includes a review of literature relating the systems approach to…

The Instructional Support System for Occupational Education (ISSOE) project, conducted in New York, focused on (1) review of individualized education systems, (2) selection of appropriate occupational clusters, and (3) development and field testing of a system and materials. A product of the Managing Student Progress series of the ISSOE program…

A model of the educational process and a derived procedure series for implementing an individualized instruction system are presented. The application of computer technology to individualized instruction requires an operational definition of the educational process in terms of school practices. A process model involving three major sets of…

In response to a questionnaire from the ERIC Clearinghouse on Educational Media and Technology, 40 leaders in the field gave their opinion of the present and future of instructional technology, both in its broad and narrow (machine aids) sense. Their opinions were then the basis of a panel discussion by an advisory council that met in Washington,…