A three-year National Project for the Improvement of Televised Instruction was devised to develop a plan for using instructional television (ITV) in education. The project placed major emphasis on learning efficiency and a systems approach and used two sources of continuing information: a National Seminar on Learning and Television and a Field…

A self-instructional film should be learner-oriented rather than content-oriented. Its objectives should be stated in terms of observable, specific behavior. The distinguishing characteristic of such terms is that they are subject to few interpretations. Objectives should be to identify, name, order, describe, and construct. The foregoing may be…

This paper examines instructional technology as a means to achieve improvement of instruction and learning. Emphasis of recent research on technical and mechanical aspects of instructional systems is criticized because means and materials take precedence over learning objectives. It is concluded that the entire educational system, not just the…

Education should make human use of human resources. Conversely, those elements of instruction and learning which are non-human in nature are appropriate for technological implementation. Research findings in the latter area make possible the utilization of technology in education. Part I of this book considers the relationship of media to:…