Discusses research on the relationship between time and learning. Includes suggestions for improving learning time. (PKP)

The allocation and use of time are considered important in the context of learning because time can be manipulated, measured, and applied to the design of instructional programs. After a clarification of terminology, an overview of current research on time is offered and policy recommendations discussed. (MJL)

A synthesis of 15 empirical studies shows that homework consistently benefits elementary and secondary students' achievement and attitudes, especially if it is commented upon or graded. (MCG)

The evolution and current status of the concept of student-engaged time as a measure of learning in physical education is traced. The possible use of academic learning time (ALT) as a variable in physical education research is discussed. (JL)

Reports research on computer assisted instruction (CAI) which has attempted to understand why CAI often accomplishes learning goals in less time and describes the "Beginning Teacher Evaluation Study" which investigated the way students use their time, actual time-on-task, and quality of student involvement with subject content. (EAO)

Research on the influence of instructional time on student achievement has focused on the concept of academic learning time and its major components--allocated time, engaged time, and level of difficulty. This report reviews three studies that concur that increasing allocated time, in itself, has little influence on student achievement. Walberg…

This literature review concludes that, although time spent is not so consistently related to achievement as it may seem, studies of time use in schools provide important information that can serve as a base for school improvement. (MJL)

State-of-the-art review suggests extending time in school will increase achievement only modestly--and at great expense. (Author/DCS)

The importance of appropriate task relevant behaviors as a necessary condition for school learning has long been noted. This paper suggests a multiple measure of one set of student classroom behaviors, presents a brief theoretical basis for the measure, provides some empirical support for the use of the measure, and indicates some educational…

Factors which appear to affect learning are reviewed: student characteristics of age, ability, and motivation; amount and quality of instruction; home and classroom environment; peer influence; television; school and principal effects; and financial expenditures. (GDC)