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Direct linkZiegler, Albert; Ziegler, Albert – High Ability Studies, 2009
The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the dramatic consequences the application of cut-off points can have in the practice of identifying gifted individuals. The paradoxical attenuation effect describes the frequent situation in which measurements of the gifts and talents individuals possess are lower than their true values. However, in…
Descriptors: Gifted, Academic Achievement, Test Theory, Measurement
Elizalde-Utnick, Graciela – Communique, 2008
There is great controversy in the field of learning disabilities (LD) regarding the establishment of criteria for LD identification. The traditional approach to LD identification is to use the IQ-discrepancy. Lyon and colleagues (2001) point out the numerous problems with such an approach, including faulty assumptions about the adequacy of an IQ…
Descriptors: Intervention, Learning Disabilities, Second Language Learning, Intelligence Quotient
Lichten, William; Simon, Elliot W. – Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2007
Because persons with mental retardation cannot be executed for murder, the diagnosis becomes a life and death matter. The American Association on Mental Retardation (now the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities) and other associations agree that IQ alone is an insufficient criterion and adaptive functioning also…
Descriptors: Intelligence Tests, Intelligence Quotient, Developmental Disabilities, Mental Retardation
Stewart, Paul; Reihman, Jacqueline; Lonky, Edward; Darvill, Thomas; Pagano, James – Psychology in the Schools, 2004
In the current paper we describe the methodology and results of the Oswego study, in light of D.V. Cicchetti, A.S. Kaufman, and S.S. Sparrow's (this issue) criticisms regarding the validity of the human health/behavioral claims in the PCB literature. The Oswego project began as a replication of the Lake Michigan Maternal Infant Cohort study.…
Descriptors: Prenatal Influences, Infants, Error of Measurement, Cognitive Development
Hopwood, Christopher J.; Richard, David C. S. – Assessment, 2005
Research on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition (WAIS-III) suggests that practicing clinical psychologists and graduate students make item-level scoring errors that affect IQ, index, and subtest scores. Studies have been limited in that Full-Scale IQ (FSIQ) and examiner administration,…
Descriptors: Scoring, Psychologists, Intelligence Quotient, Graduate Students
Schantz, Susan L.; Gardiner, Joseph C.; Gasior, Donna M.; McCaffrey, Robert J.; Sweeney, Anne M.; Humphrey, Harold E. B. – Psychology in the Schools, 2004
D.V. Cicchetti, A.S. Kaufman, and S.S. Sparrow (this issue) use six criteria to evaluate the published findings from seven different studies of PCB exposure and neuropsychological function. They point out a number of weaknesses or flaws in each study and conclude that these weaknesses make the overall conclusion that PCB exposure negatively…
Descriptors: Evaluation Criteria, Prenatal Influences, Infants, Error of Measurement
