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Witte, Kenneth L.; Freund, Joel S. – Journal of Gerontology, 1976
Investigated the learning of young and old adults as related to two variables, stimulus concreteness (low vs. high) and presentation method (recall vs. multiple choice vs. associate matching). Main findings were: (a) the elderly did not perform as well as young adults, (b) for both groups, performance was better for the pairs with concrete…
Descriptors: Association Measures, Learning Processes, Memory, Multiple Choice Tests
Griffin, Margaret May – 1969
This study investigated the ability of second-grade children to employ initial and final consonant substitution as a technique in word identification. An instrument of 44 one-syllable simulated words and a measurement to ascertain consonant phoneme knowledge were used to study 90 second-grade pupils, approximately equal in general characteristics.…
Descriptors: Association Measures, Associative Learning, Consonants, English Instruction