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Download full textChien-Liang Lin; Jun-Yan Liu; Chi-Heng Li; Yu-Sheng Su; Juan Zhou – International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 2025
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many educational institutions switched to online learning to maintain learning activities. With the global pandemic, the educational environment was forced to shift from traditional face-to-face teaching or blended learning to a fully online learning model. In February 2020, China took the lead in announcing…
Descriptors: COVID-19, Pandemics, Online Courses, Educational Technology
Dashtestani, Reza – International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 2020
This study focused on the perspectives of higher education stakeholders on teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL) in online courses in Iran, as well as preservice teachers' learning achievements in online courses. Three cohorts of participants were included in the study: preservice teachers of TEFL (n = 104), TEFL university instructors (n…
Descriptors: Online Courses, Electronic Learning, Stakeholders, Preservice Teachers
Akcaoglu, Mete; Lee, Eunbae – International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 2016
Social presence is difficult to achieve, but an imperative component of online learning. In this study, we investigated the effect of group size on students' perceptions of social presence in two graduate-level online courses, comparing small group versus whole class discussions. Our results indicated that when in small group discussions, students…
Descriptors: Graduate Students, Online Courses, Electronic Learning, Small Group Instruction
