This paper examines the key linguistic arguments underpinning Basil Bernstein's theory of "elaborated" and "restricted" "codes". Building on a review of selected highlights from the collective critical response to Bernstein, the paper attempts to clarify the relationship of the theory to "deficit" views…

In this paper I argue that an understanding of the role of language and literacy in learning disciplinary content should be a key component of the pedagogical content knowledge covered in the preparation of high school teachers. I identify three components of this "literacy pedagogical content knowledge" (LPCK): knowledge about how…

Examined children's development between first and fifth grade in the use of referential expressions in oral and written narratives; analyzed a new context of use, written narrative, and compared it to the oral one; and compared the development of referential expressions in children speaking Italian and Catalan. (Author/VWL)