Chapter 1 programs have been successful, but improvements are still needed. Eligibility requirements should be expanded, and resources should be targeted differently. The gap between disadvantaged students and others remains wide, targeted students are missing part of their regular course of instruction, and achievement gains are not sustained.…

This document reviews and summarizes fifteen major studies of compensatory education, and in particular Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. It provides students, researchers, evaluators, and policymakers with a usable guide to the evolution of approaches associated with this large scale educational program. These studies…

This report describes compensatory education (CE) programs and compares their classroom activities with those of regular instruction programs. This report is part of an extensive series of studies on CE and its long-term effects. Data were collected through interviews, structured observations, and the generation of narrative protocols based on…

This report describes and evaluates Title I, the largest federal aid program in elementary and secondary education, with appropriations of over $3 billion in 1980. It assesses the impact of the program and introduces new efforts that were undertaken to enhance state and local coordination. Special attention is given to how the amendments of 1974…

Notes that although the state of the art of designing and delivering opportunity programs is confused, contradictory, and conditional, it is also encouraging. Overall effects have been surprisingly positive, even if limitedly so. (Author/AM)

This report synthesizes findings of five conferences funded by the National Institute of Education (NIE) to plan new Follow Through research. In particular, conference discussions focused on the notion of systematic change; time-on-task as the most promising strategy for success; and encouragement of principal and teacher support for implementing…

This paper examines the effects of Upward Bound Programs upon underachieving minority group members and assesses the various sub-components of Upward Bound Programs. A description of national evaluations as they relate to the programs is presented and a framework is provided that is essential for understanding the history of Upward Bound from the…

This is the first of the progress and interim reports prepared for an evaluation study of compensatory education programs to be completed by 1977. This report describes and analyzes those parts of the research proposed in the research plan which have, to date, been fully designed and funded. These consist of (1) a description and discussion of…

This paper reviews research on effective pull-out programs for elementary students who are at risk for school failure. The emphasis is on programs that can be readily replicated by schools other than those that developed them. The focus is on programs provided to students who have been identified as in need of remedial services which are…

This report synthesizes the information presented at three conferences designed to develop guidelines for future funding for Follow Through programs. These conferences were part of a series of activities undertaken by the National Institute of Education (NIE) in 1981 to plan for a new set of Follow Through research and pilot project activities.…

The objective of the Adaptive Learning Environments Model (ALEM) is to establish and maintain school environments that ensure optimal learning success opportunities for most students through adaptive instruction. Modification of the environment to accommodate student differences has been an important design consideration in the development of the…

This paper presents a conceptual overview of issues relating to the education of the disadvantaged. Problems of identification and definition of the disadvantaged are discussed in terms of compensatory education. Concepts regarding "disadvantage" that underlie many of the compensatory instructional intervention programs are described, as…

As one of five field studies in the National Assessment of Chapter 1, this project studied the design and operations of the Chapter 1 program at the point of service delivery. Examination of the program at 24 schools revealed the following: (1) inflationary pressure on Chapter 1 budgets affected design decisions among schools; (2) cross-site…

This paper presents general information about Title I of the Elementary Secondary Education Act on the education of the disadvantaged pertinent to local school districts. From the beginning, the major portion of the Title I program was intended to supplement the education routine provided by local school districts for disadvantaged children. Each…

This guide is designed to help school staff plan effective summer programs for disadvantaged children by offering an array of ideas for designing exciting and stimulating summer programs and offering important information from research and practice on what makes an effective summer program. If schools are to expect excellence from disadvantaged…