This meta-synthesis is on research conducted by different researchers in a team research project on learners' experience of aggression in secondary schools in South Africa. The objective was to obtain a broader understanding of their experience of aggression in different contexts in South Africa, as well as possible ways to assist learners to…

In this experimental research several appeals to questionnaire respondents (professionalism, humor, importance, token compensation) were combined with stationery variations and threat of follow-up letters. Results were that no one combination of these three variables was most effective. Token compensation was recommended in combination with other…

Ten severely retarded adults were presented with a matching task in which each of the alternatives to the stimulus that was identical to the target stimulus differed from it on one dimension only. (Author)

Galvanic skin responses of 160 mentally retarded and 160 nonretarded adults from a prior study were reanalyzed in terms of separate frequency and amplitude measures. (Author)

In order to study procedures for increasing the return of mailed questionnaires, several types of cover letters were sent to groups of potential subjects. The three experimental variables were: (1) appeals to the potential respondent; (2) threat of a follow-up letter; and (3) stationery letterhead. Four types of appeals to the subject to…

To test the relationship between risk-taking and creativity, 10 groups of four undergraduates were administered the Choice Dilemma Questionnaire and a subtest of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. This was followed by the standard group process noted to result in a risky shift, and then by post-testing. (Author)

Counselors and teachers are sometimes asked for advice concerning the advisability of changing a response made to an objective test item. This article examines the current beliefs of students, the advice given in the 'how to' literature, and the effects of changed responses. (Author)

Investigates the casual explanations employed by naive observers for suicidal behavior. Results indicate there are reliable differences in the way females and males are viewed when engaging in suicidal behavior. (Author)

The study was designed to assess the relationships between certain expressions of anxiety and preferences for defense mechanisms. (Author)

This report describes the design and results of an experiment to test whether a $10.00 payment to participate in the national Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HANES) would significantly increase the response rate for the survey. The design and findings of the study, as well as a comparison of response rates prior to and following…

Elderly adults (N=72) were presented a concept problem which varied as a function of type of solution shift and stimulus materials. Both trials to criterion and postshift error patterns were analyzed. Results indicated stimulus materials affected postshift performance and the elderly do respond in a dimensional fashion under some circumstances.…

Five groups of 15 female subjects reporting fear of snakes participated in two behavioral avoidance tests employing a snake as the target object. Results are discussed both in terms of implications for psychotherapy outcome research design and possible usefulness of situational variables in the development of more effective anxiety-reduction…

Investigates the ability of volunteer telephone services to furnish facilitative conditions to callers by determining the level of empathic understanding offered by such volunteers. Uses Carkhuff's Five-Point Empathy Scale to indicate that the length of calls increases as the level of empathic understanding offered rises. (Author/PC)

This paper examines and compares tyo hypnotic modes in terms of behavioral and experimental responses. The two modes are: (1) autohypnosis and (2) heterohypnosis. The two types of hypnosis experiences were administered to each of two randomly assigned groups. Subjects were 25 male and 23 female volunteer introductory psychology students. The…

In the context of a "reinforced practice" treatment paradigm, the present study experimentally analyzed whether or not feedback superimposed upon contingent praise would have an additive therapeutic effect. (Author)