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Monica E. Carr – Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2015
The widely used percentage of nonoverlapping data (PND) treatment effect calculation was compared to more recently developed methods which, it has been argued, better account for outlying variables and trend in single-case design (SCD) intervention studies. Percentage of all nonoverlapping data (PAND) and nonoverlap of all pairs (NAP) were…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Nonparametric Statistics, Computation, Intervention
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Sijtsma, Klaas – Applied Psychological Measurement, 1998
Reviews developments in nonparametric item-response theory (NIRT), from its historic origins in item-response theory (IRT) and scale analysis to new theoretical results for practical test construction. Discusses theoretical results from NIRT often relevant to IRT. Contains 134 references. (SLD)
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Nonparametric Statistics, Research Methodology, Scores
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Penfield, Randall D. – Applied Psychological Measurement, 2005
Differential item functioning (DIF) is an important consideration in assessing the validity of test scores (Camilli & Shepard, 1994). A variety of statistical procedures have been developed to assess DIF in tests of dichotomous (Hills, 1989; Millsap & Everson, 1993) and polytomous (Penfield & Lam, 2000; Potenza & Dorans, 1995) items. Some of these…
Descriptors: Test Bias, Item Analysis, Psychological Studies, Evaluation Methods