Professional pedagogical responsibility (PPR) for teachers does not only mean to meet deadlines or attend meetings, but also to be conscious of how their actions can contribute to challenging inequities in society. Thus, it is imperative that teachers of English embrace the responsibility of teaching English as a tool to promote social justice.…

The present study is aim to how bilingual children used another language as well as their mother tongue was explained on the basis of Bernstein's code theory. For this purpose, spontaneously bilingual children were examined in their natural environment and explained according to the Berstein's code theory. It also emphasized the importance of…

Social aspects of second language acquisition (SLA) and the contexts in which people attempt to learn and use languages and seek to become integrated within new and changing cultures have been examined for decades from various theoretical perspectives. In this article, I present some of the ways in which 'social' experience is being theorized in…

This study closely examined the motivational language selves of Chinese university students in the process of multilingual learning. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve Japanese specialist majors. The qualitative data revealed the complex interplay between the participants' language selves and complicated contextual influences.…

Despite the popularity of the TOEIC in the Korean society for over 30 years, few studies have investigated the understanding and usage of TOEIC scores in the Korean context. This research gap needs to be filled to provide test users with useful information in the Korean context. Using an argument-based approach to validation, this study…

A key insight of a transdisciplinary perspective on second language acquisition (SLA) as articulated by the Douglas Fir Group (2016) is its usage-based understanding of language. Evidence on the fundamental role that usage plays in shaping individual language knowledge is no doubt compelling. However, while the force of social interaction in…

This study advances research into individuals' willingness to communicate in an additional language (L2 WTC) in classroom settings by departing from existing inquiry in two ways. First, it takes a multidimensional view of an "individual" in the classroom by integrating students' various identities as persons engaged in meaning making…

The current study aimed at investigating the motivation of Polish EFL teachers working in state secondary schools in Poland. In order to collect research data, a mixed-methods approach involving the use of quantitative and qualitative research instruments was employed. Overall, thirty-seven Polish state secondary school EFL teachers completed a…

Willingness to communicate (WTC) is the construct of a language learner's readiness to communicate with a specific person using the target language at a particular time (MacIntyre et al, 1998). This study aimed to investigate Chinese English learners' WTC in an international school in Thailand. The study used semi-structured interviews to identify…

Task-based language teaching (TBLT) is one of the contemporary approaches which attracts a vast amount of research in the past decades. Research on the dissemination of TBLT, however, has provided abundant evidence of hindering factors in various educational contexts, especially in Asian cultures. Two major groups of factors were reported. One is…

A fundamental requirement of language assessments which is underresearched in computerized assessments is impartiality (fairness) or equal treatment of test takers regardless of background. The present study aimed to evaluate fairness in the Pearson Test of English (PTE) Academic Reading test, which is a computerized reading assessment, by…

Teacher educators wonder how to prepare student teachers for urban teaching. Beginning teachers in urban environments experience multiple challenges, such as responding appropriately to language differences and cultural diversity. This study aims to provide insight into how Dutch teachers are prepared for teaching in urban schools. A multiple case…

Critical language awareness (CLA) is increasingly identified as a central component of the Spanish heritage language (SHL) classroom (Leeman, 2005; Martínez, 2003; among others). As a minority language, SHL is subject to sociopolitical, cultural, and economic forces that devalue its status. It is devalued in the eyes of the public, as a legitimate…

Posited as a "holistic" approach to the study of multilingualism and multilingual competence in educational contexts, "Focus on Multilingualism" (Cenoz & Gorter, 2011) attempts to bring together the fields of (1) second language acquisition (SLA), and (2) bilingualism/multilingualism studies--both in (a) theory and (b)…

This paper investigates the value of the social context and its role in learning a second language in different contexts. Social context is believed to be able to influence attitude and motivation. It also provides learning opportunities which give rise to learner's outcomes. In fact, students acquire a language by using it in social interaction…