This study takes a dynamic view of transfer as reusing and reshaping previous knowledge in new writing contexts to investigate how novice Japanese as a foreign language (JFL) writers draw on knowledge across languages to construct L1 and L2 texts. We analyzed L1 English and L2 Japanese argumentation essays by the same JFL writers (N = 19) and L1…

This article describes a study which investigated how explicit strategy instruction may shape student use of metacognitive knowledge and in what ways this knowledge promotes self-regulation in the learning of writing. From a class of a 2-year associate degree programme in Hong Kong, which experienced a 15-week process-oriented writing course…

This paper studies the composing strategies employed by four advanced L2 writers when they wrote in an academic setting and the rhetorical context of composing, i.e. their mental representations of the intended audience and of the rhetorical purpose for writing. Four student-teachers majoring in English and attending a postgraduate teacher…