The goal of the research was to explore the role of motivation, gender roles and stereotypes in the explanation of students' educational outcomes in a stereotypically male educational domain: physics. Eccles and colleagues' expectancy-value model was used as a theoretical framework for the research. The research sample included 736 grammar school…

The past decade's research on the use and effects of older (television, music, movies, magazines) and newer media (the Internet, cell phones, social networking) on adolescents' health and well-being is reviewed. A portrait of patterns of use of the media is provided and then the predictors and effects of those patterns on adolescents' mental…

Several studies have shown that body satisfaction affects interpersonal functioning. However, few have studied the specific interpersonal correlates of another important body image dimension, appearance investment--that is, the importance a woman places on appearance. We used an experience sampling design with PDA (personal digital assistant)…

Drawing on personality psychology research, Dornyei and his colleagues have recently developed an approach to understanding L2 motivation that positions the learner's self-recognition as a potential communicator in another language at its core, thus marking a break from the established social psychology paradigm. In this article it is argued that,…

Administered Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory and Bem Sex Role Inventory to 194 adults. Found androgyny scale emphasizing masculinity was most predictive of self-esteem, due to strong correlation found between masculinity and self-esteem. Found no effects due to femininity, interaction of femininity and masculinity, or sex. (Author/NB)

This investigation examined the impact of the social construction of women on the development of disordered eating. Based on a survey completed by 394 young women from the community, self-silencing of needs and voice, the suppression of the outward expression of anger, and the internalization of the objectified gaze toward one's own body were…

Investigated the influences of gender and individual differences in psychological masculinity and femininity on the achievement and interpersonal strivings, abilities, and self-concepts of 176 college students. Results indicated that psychological masculinity and femininity are better predictors of strivings and self-concepts in the achievement…

High achievement motivation and career choice were related to perceived support from the school and community. Psychological variables had little effect. Findings support a social learning theory of achievement. (JAC)

Reviews research both supportive and skeptical of theories (based upon status competition processes, status incompatibility, complementary needs, and threat to gender identity) which posit that stress is created in marriages where the wife's occupational achievements exceed the husband's. Posits a theory explaining which couples will succeed in…

Instruments were developed to measure aspects of self-identity: sex role identity, identification with parents, and personal identity. The instruments were tried out and tested for construct validity. Analysis provided evidence that self-identity is developmental, as indicated by significant differences in personal identity measures among adults,…

Theoretical perspectives on depression have suggested that three general orientations (self-critical, dependency, and inefficacy) characterize moods and that a depressed person's cognitive structure is different. College students (N=73) completed questionnaires to explore phenomenological correlates of normal mood states which might have…

The relationships among intelligence, field dependence, sex role, and mathematics background and achievement were examined in a study involving 287 college students. Number of math courses taken and intelligence were the best predictors of math achievement, although other variables also influenced achievement. (TJH)

While current research is beginning to suggest that it is masculinity that correlates with mental health, results are inconclusive and studies have primarily focused on limited measures of mental health. This study incorporated multiple measures of self-concept in an analysis of the relationship between sex-role orientation and mental health of…

Masculinity (M) and Femininity (F) were related to multiple dimensions of self-concept for responses from 962 high school students. Androgyny theory predicts that F, as well as M, will contribute positively and uniquely to self-concept, but previous research has typically found that the contribution of F is nil or even negative after controlling…

A study proposed a predictive model to explain self-disclosure to parents based on biological sex of subject and perceived psychological sex typing of the parent. It was hypothesized that: (1) the linear combination of biological sex type of subject and subjects perception of mother (psychological scores) would significantly predict…