Defends the use and placement of footnotes as being central to the considerations of proof and evidential claims that are essential for historical writing. Notes the differences between history and other social studies that preclude or limit the use of in-text attribution. Answers many standard objections to footnotes. (MJP)

Explains the utility of city directories as an education resource and suggests ways teachers may use directories in student research projects. Finds original research stimulates student interest and creativity. Provides outlines for suggested study topics. Appendix includes student activity worksheets. (NL)

Directs a class at the University of Minnesota (Duluth) for teachers at developing effective research skills and historical mindedness. Teachers study a topic and write curriculum using primary sources as basic texts. Outlines the curriculum process and includes three case studies. Includes teaching activity worksheets. (NL)