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Harasym, P. H.; And Others – Evaluation and the Health Professions, 1980
Coded, as opposed to free response items, in a multiple choice physiology test had a cueing effect which raised students' scores, especially for lower achievers. Reliability of coded items was also lower. Item format and scoring method had an effect on test results. (GDC)
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Comparative Testing, Cues, Higher Education

Downey, Ronald G. – Applied Psychological Measurement, 1979
This research attempted to interrelate several methods of producing option weights (i.e., Guttman internal and external weights and judges' weights) and examined their effects on reliability and on concurrent, predictive, and face validity. It was concluded that option weighting offered limited, if any, improvement over unit weighting. (Author/CTM)
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Answer Keys, Comparative Testing, High Schools