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Duta, Mihaela; Plunkett, Kim – Child Development, 2023
We present a neural network model of referent identification in a visual world task. Inputs are visual representations of item pairs unfolding with sequences of phonemes identifying the target item. The model is trained to output the semantic representation of the target and to suppress the distractor. The training set uses a 200-word lexicon…
Descriptors: Networks, Models, Brain, Child Language
Moon, Austin; Zhao, Jiaying; Peters, Megan A. K.; Wu, Rachel – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2022
Two aspects of real-world visual search are typically studied in parallel: category knowledge (e.g., searching for food) and visual patterns (e.g., predicting an upcoming street sign from prior street signs). Previous visual search studies have shown that prior category knowledge hinders search when targets and distractors are from the same…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Visual Perception, Efficiency, Food
Duygu Akagündüz Egrikilinç; Zeynep Dere – Southeast Asia Early Childhood, 2024
Sense enables babies to perceive the physical and chemical changes that occur in the external environment. It occurs as a result of the dynamic interaction of sensory stimuli with sensory receptors in the eyes, ears, tongue, nose, and skin. The stimuli that newborns see, touch, and hear affect their brain development. The brain develops faster in…
Descriptors: Infants, Perceptual Development, Stimuli, Brain
Willis, Athena S. – ProQuest LLC, 2023
Recent research shows that deaf signers show increased behavioral and neural sensitivity to certain types of movement, such as biological motion, human actions, and signing avatars. However, other work suggests that in deaf signers exposed to signed language before age five, the mirror mechanism has minimal involvement during the perception of…
Descriptors: Deafness, Sign Language, Young Children, Cognitive Processes
Yijun Ge – ProQuest LLC, 2021
Our visual system samples external information, adjusts its sensitivity and constructs a stable representation of the world that allows us to perceive and interact with objects in our environments. Visual information with different levels of complexity is processed through the hierarchically organized visual cortical areas. This dissertation…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Association Measures, Cognitive Processes, Visual Perception
Rivera-Rodriguez, Adrian; Sherwood, Maxwell; Fitzroy, Ahren B.; Sanders, Lisa D.; Dasgupta, Nilanjana – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2021
This study measured event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to test competing hypotheses regarding the effects of anger and race on early visual processing (N1, P2, and N2) and error recognition (ERN and Pe) during a sequentially primed weapon identification task. The first hypothesis was that anger would impair weapon identification in a biased…
Descriptors: Brain, Cognitive Processes, Psychological Patterns, Race
Ahmad, Faizan; Ahmed, Zeeshan; Muneeb, Sara – International Journal of Game-Based Learning, 2021
An improvement in cognitive performance through brain games play is implicit yet progressive. It is necessary to explore factors that potentially accelerate this improvement process. Like various other significant yet unexplored aspects, it is equally essential to establish a performative (fusion of accuracy and efficiency) insight about players'…
Descriptors: Game Based Learning, Brain, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Processes
Edwards, Laura A.; Wagner, Jennifer B.; Simon, Charline E.; Hyde, Daniel C. – Developmental Science, 2016
Humans are born with the ability to mentally represent the approximate numerosity of a set of objects, but little is known about the brain systems that sub-serve this ability early in life and their relation to the brain systems underlying symbolic number and mathematics later in development. Here we investigate processing of numerical magnitudes…
Descriptors: Neurological Organization, Brain, Infants, Spectroscopy
Grossmann, Tobias; Missana, Manuela; Friederici, Angela D.; Ghazanfar, Asif A. – Developmental Science, 2012
Integrating the multisensory features of talking faces is critical to learning and extracting coherent meaning from social signals. While we know much about the development of these capacities at the behavioral level, we know very little about the underlying neural processes. One prominent behavioral milestone of these capacities is the perceptual…
Descriptors: Brain, Primatology, Infants, Correlation
Amit, Elinor; Mehoudar, Eyal; Trope, Yaacov; Yovel, Galit – Brain and Cognition, 2012
It is well established that scenes and objects elicit a highly selective response in specific brain regions in the ventral visual cortex. An inherent difference between these categories that has not been explored yet is their perceived distance from the observer (i.e. scenes are distal whereas objects are proximal). The current study aimed to test…
Descriptors: Brain, Neurological Organization, Visual Perception, Proximity
Hsieh, Po-Jang; Colas, Jaron T. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2012
A retinally stabilized object readily undergoes perceptual fading and disappears from consciousness. This startling phenomenon is commonly believed to arise from local bottom-up sensory adaptation to edge information that occurs early in the visual pathway, such as in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus or retinal ganglion cells. Here…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Visual Perception, Experimental Psychology, Adults
Davis, Andrew S.; Moore, Brittney; Rice, Valerie; Decker, Scott – School Psychology Forum, 2015
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), sometimes referred to as concussion, is one of the most common acquired neurological problems of childhood. When children return to school following mTBI, school psychologists should be actively involved in the determination of neurocognitive and functional deficits for the purpose of designing strength-based…
Descriptors: Psychomotor Skills, Head Injuries, Brain, Physical Disabilities
Fujita, Takako; Kamio, Yoko; Yamasaki, Takao; Yasumoto, Sawa; Hirose, Shinichi; Tobimatsu, Shozo – Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2013
Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have different automatic responses to faces than typically developing (TD) individuals. We recorded visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in 10 individuals with high-functioning ASD (HFASD) and 10 TD individuals. Visual stimuli consisted of upright and inverted faces (fearful and neutral) and objects…
Descriptors: Autism, Visual Stimuli, Social Cognition, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
von Hecker, Ulrich; Klauer, Karl Christoph; Wolf, Lukas; Fazilat-Pour, Masoud – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Memory performance in linear order reasoning tasks (A > B, B > C, C > D, etc.) shows quicker, and more accurate responses to queries on wider (AD) than narrower (AB) pairs on a hypothetical linear mental model (A -- B -- C -- D). While indicative of an analogue representation, research so far did not provide positive evidence for spatial…
Descriptors: Memory, Short Term Memory, Spatial Ability, Visual Perception
Coffman, B. A.; Trumbo, M. C.; Flores, R. A.; Garcia, C. M.; van der Merwe, A. J.; Wassermann, E. M.; Weisend, M. P.; Clark, V. P. – Neuropsychologia, 2012
We have previously found that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over right inferior frontal cortex (RIFC) enhances performance during learning of a difficult visual target detection task (Clark et al., 2012). In order to examine the cognitive mechanisms of tDCS that lead to enhanced performance, here we analyzed its differential…
Descriptors: Brain, Stimulation, Learning, Visual Perception