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Associations among Sex, Cognitive Ability, and Autism Symptoms in Individuals with Down Syndrome
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Laura del Hoyo Soriano; Audra Sterling; Jamie Edgin; Debra R. Hamilton; Elizabeth Berry-Kravis; Amanda Dimachkie Nunnally; Angela John Thurman; Leonard Abbeduto – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2024
This study explores sex-differences in (a) rates and profiles of autism symptoms as well as in (b) the contribution of intellectual quotient (IQ) to autism symptom presentation in Down syndrome (DS). Participants were 40 males and 38 females with DS, aged 6 to 23 years. Autism symptoms were rated through the Autism Diagnostic Observation…
Descriptors: Correlation, Gender Differences, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Observation
Concordance between a U.S. Educational Autism Classification and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule
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Maddox, Brenna B.; Rump, Keiran M.; Stahmer, Aubyn C.; Suhrheinrich, Jessica; Rieth, Sarah R.; Nahmias, Allison S.; Nuske, Heather J.; Reisinger, Erica M.; Crabbe, Samantha R.; Bronstein, Briana; Mandell, David S. – Grantee Submission, 2020
Objective: States in the United States differ in how they determine special education eligibility for autism services. Few states include an autism-specific diagnostic tool in their evaluation. In research, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS for first edition, ADOS-2 for second edition) is considered the gold-standard autism…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Observation, Diagnostic Tests
Problem-Solving Styles in Autism Spectrum Disorder and the Development of Higher Cognitive Functions
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Constable, Paul A.; Ring, Melanie; Gaigg, Sebastian B.; Bowler, Dermot M. – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2018
The Vygotsky Blocks Test assesses problem-solving styles within a theoretical framework for the development of higher mental processes devised by Vygotsky. Because both the theory and the associated test situate cognitive development within the child's social and linguistic context, they address conceptual issues around the developmental relation…
Descriptors: Problem Solving, Cognitive Ability, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Functional Connectivity Magnetic Resonance Imaging Classification of Autism
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Anderson, Jeffrey S.; Nielsen, Jared A.; Froehlich, Alyson L.; DuBray, Molly B.; Druzgal, T. Jason; Cariello, Annahir N.; Cooperrider, Jason R.; Zielinski, Brandon A.; Ravichandran, Caitlin; Fletcher, P. Thomas; Alexander, Andrew L.; Bigler, Erin D.; Lange, Nicholas; Lainhart, Janet E. – Brain, 2011
Group differences in resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging connectivity between individuals with autism and typically developing controls have been widely replicated for a small number of discrete brain regions, yet the whole-brain distribution of connectivity abnormalities in autism is not well characterized. It is also unclear…
Descriptors: Siblings, Autism, Intelligence Quotient, Young Adults
Autism in Fragile X Syndrome: A Category Mistake?
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Hall, Scott S.; Lightbody, Amy A.; Hirt, Melissa; Rezvani, Ava; Reiss, Allan L. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2010
Objective: Many investigators now routinely classify children with fragile X syndrome (FXS) according to whether or not they also meet diagnostic criteria for autism. To determine whether this classification is appropriate, we examined the profiles of autistic behaviors shown by boys and girls with FXS. Method: Individuals with FXS, aged 5 to 25…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Mental Retardation, Congenital Impairments, Autism