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Matlock Cole, Ki Lynn; Turner, Ronna C.; Gitchel, W. Dent – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2018
The generalized partial credit model (GPCM) is often used for polytomous data; however, the nominal response model (NRM) allows for the investigation of how adjacent categories may discriminate differently when items are positively or negatively worded. Ten items from three different self-reported scales were used (anxiety, depression, and…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Anxiety, Depression (Psychology), Self Evaluation (Individuals)
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Edwards, Michael C.; Cheavens, Jennifer S.; Heiy, Jane E.; Cukrowicz, Kelly C. – Psychological Assessment, 2010
The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is one of the most widely used measures of depressive symptoms in research today. The original psychometric work in support of the CES-D (Radloff, 1977) described a 4-factor model underlying the 20 items on the scale. Despite a long history of evidence supporting this structure,…
Descriptors: Test Items, Factor Structure, Measures (Individuals), Psychometrics