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Stapleton, Laura M.; Yang, Ji Seung; Hancock, Gregory R. – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2016
We present types of constructs, individual- and cluster-level, and their confirmatory factor analytic validation models when data are from individuals nested within clusters. When a construct is theoretically individual level, spurious construct-irrelevant dependency in the data may appear to signal cluster-level dependency; in such cases,…
Descriptors: Multivariate Analysis, Factor Analysis, Validity, Models
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Dicke, Theresa; Marsh, Herbert W.; Parker, Philip D.; Pekrun, Reinhard; Guo, Jiesi; Televantou, Ioulia – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2018
School-average achievement is often reported to have positive effects on individual achievement (peer spillover effect). However, it is well established that school-average achievement has negative effects on academic self-concept (big-fish-little-pond effect [BFLPE]) and that academic self-concept and achievement are positively correlated and…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Self Concept, Peer Influence, Children
Stapleton, Laura M.; Kang, Yoonjeong – Sociological Methods & Research, 2018
This research empirically evaluates data sets from the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) for design effects of ignoring the sampling design in weighted two-level analyses. Currently, researchers may ignore the sampling design beyond the levels that they model which might result in incorrect inferences regarding hypotheses due to…
Descriptors: Probability, Hierarchical Linear Modeling, Sampling, Inferences
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Jung, Eunjoo – Journal of Educational Research, 2014
The author examined whether mathematics instruction provided by kindergarten teachers is related to children's mathematics learning during the kindergarten year based on the children's socioeconomic status and race. Hierarchical linear modeling was employed using a large sample of kindergarten students to estimate relationships between the…
Descriptors: Kindergarten, Young Children, Preschool Teachers, Mathematics Instruction
Goetz, Michael Eric – ProQuest LLC, 2012
This study explores the cost-effectiveness ratios associated with individual tutoring, intensive reading/language arts instruction, and a focus on core subject areas. Using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (ECLS-K) database, this study analyzes these programs using a three-level hierarchical linear model (HLM) with a nationally…
Descriptors: Cost Effectiveness, Tutoring, Reading Instruction, Language Arts