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Chili Li; Xue Wang; Long Qian – SAGE Open, 2025
The effectiveness of English Language Teaching (ELT) materials significantly influences the learning outcomes of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners, positioning these resources as cardinal in the acquisition process. Despite this widely acknowledged significance, there remains a notable gap in research concerning the evaluation of key…
Descriptors: Syntax, Difficulty Level, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language)
Taegang Lee; Yoonhyoung Lee; Sungmook Choi – Language Learning & Technology, 2025
Empirical evidence remains sparse about how videos enhanced with first-language (L1) and second-language (L2) subtitles influence cognitive load in L2 learners. To address this point, 25 Korean undergraduate students were exposed to six short videos: baseline, L1-subtitled, and L2-subtitled videos at both high and low difficulty levels (determined…
Descriptors: Captions, Native Language, Second Language Learning, Language Processing
Srisunakrua, Thanaporn; Chumworatayee, Tipamas – Arab World English Journal, 2019
Readability has long been regarded as a significant aspect in English language teaching as it provides the overall picture of a text's difficulty level, especially in the context of teaching and testing. Readability is a practical consideration when making decisions on materials to match a text with target readers' proficiency. However, few…
Descriptors: Readability Formulas, English (Second Language), Textbook Content, Reading Comprehension
Munalim, Leonardo O. – Journal of English as an International Language, 2019
The number of minutes appended in headlines serves as a signpost for readers regarding the reading time. Being the first on Minute News, this present quantitative study reports the results from comparative analyses of text contents of one-to-five Minute News published by one Philippine and one American media outlet in November 2018. Selected…
Descriptors: News Reporting, Contrastive Linguistics, Content Analysis, Computational Linguistics
Solnyshkina, Marina I.; Zamaletdinov, Radif R.; Gorodetskaya, Ludmila A.; Gabitov, Azat I. – Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 2017
The article presents the results of an exploratory study of the use of T.E.R.A., an automated tool measuring text complexity and readability based on the assessment of five text complexity parameters: narrativity, syntactic simplicity, word concreteness, referential cohesion and deep cohesion. Aimed at finding ways to utilize T.E.R.A. for…
Descriptors: Readability Formulas, Readability, Foreign Countries, Computer Assisted Testing
Beglar, David; Hunt, Alan – Reading in a Foreign Language, 2014
This study investigated the effects of (a) the amount of pleasure reading completed, (b) the type of texts read (i.e., simplified or unsimplified books), and (c) the level of simplified texts read by 14 Japanese university students who made the largest reading rate gains over one academic year. The findings indicated that the participants who made…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Recreational Reading, Readability, Difficulty Level
Schönborn, K. J.; Höst, G. E.; Lundin Palmerius, K. E. – Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 2015
As the application of nanotechnology in everyday life impacts society, it becomes critical for citizens to have a scientific basis upon which to judge their perceived hopes and fears of 'nano'. Although multiple instruments have been designed for assessing attitudinal and affective aspects of nano, surprisingly little work has focused on…
Descriptors: Molecular Structure, Technology, Test Construction, Test Validity
Razi, Salim – Online Submission, 2012
This study presents the processes of developing and establishing reliability and validity of a reading test by administering an integrative approach as conventional reliability and validity measures superficially reveals the difficulty of a reading test. In this respect, analysing vocabulary frequency of the test is regarded as a more eligible way…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Undergraduate Students, Reading Tests, Test Validity