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Finn, Bridgid; Arslan, Burcu; Walsh, Matthew – Applied Measurement in Education, 2020
To score an essay response, raters draw on previously trained skills and knowledge about the underlying rubric and score criterion. Cognitive processes such as remembering, forgetting, and skill decay likely influence rater performance. To investigate how forgetting influences scoring, we evaluated raters' scoring accuracy on TOEFL and GRE essays.…
Descriptors: Epistemology, Essay Tests, Evaluators, Cognitive Processes
Haberman, Shelby J. – ETS Research Report Series, 2020
Best linear prediction (BLP) and penalized best linear prediction (PBLP) are techniques for combining sources of information to produce task scores, section scores, and composite test scores. The report examines issues to consider in operational implementation of BLP and PBLP in testing programs administered by ETS [Educational Testing Service].
Descriptors: Prediction, Scores, Tests, Testing Programs
Yao, Lili; Haberman, Shelby J.; Zhang, Mo – ETS Research Report Series, 2019
Many assessments of writing proficiency that aid in making high-stakes decisions consist of several essay tasks evaluated by a combination of human holistic scores and computer-generated scores for essay features such as the rate of grammatical errors per word. Under typical conditions, a summary writing score is provided by a linear combination…
Descriptors: Prediction, True Scores, Computer Assisted Testing, Scoring
Liaghat, Farahnaz; Biria, Reza – International Journal of Instruction, 2018
This study aimed at exploring the impact of mentor text modelling on Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' accuracy and fluency in writing tasks with different cognitive complexity in comparison with two conventional approaches to teaching writing; namely, process-based and product-based approaches. To this end, 60 Iranian EFL…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Comparative Analysis, Teaching Methods, Writing Instruction