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Download full textHuu Thanh Minh Nguyen; Nguyen Van Anh Le – TESL-EJ, 2024
Comparing language tests and test preparation materials holds important implications for the latter's validity and reliability. However, not enough studies compare such materials across a wide range of indices. Therefore, this study investigated the text complexity of IELTS academic reading tests (IRT) and IELTS reading practice tests (IRPrT).…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, English (Second Language), Language Tests, Readability
Shin’ichiro Ishikawa – LEARN Journal: Language Education and Acquisition Research Network, 2025
A writer's L1 is generally believed to influence their L2 English writing significantly. However, the extent to which L1 backgrounds influence Asian learners' L2 English writing has not been wholly elucidated due to the lack of data covering various learners in Asia. Therefore, this study analysed more than one-million-word essays written by 2,318…
Descriptors: Native Language, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Direct linkPalfreyman, David M.; Karaki, Suha – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2019
Recent multilingual perspectives view second language writing as part of a language user's dynamic multilingual repertoire, always occurring in the (cognitive and social) context of some first language(s), and often of first language literacy and/or use of other languages. This paper focuses on one element of written language (lexical…
Descriptors: Semitic Languages, Native Language, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
