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Nguyen, Huu Thanh Minh – TESL-EJ, 2023
Understanding the IELTS washback on learning in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in higher education contexts remains limited. To fill in this research gap, this study investigated washback effects of the International English Language Testing System (hereafter called IELTS) as an English language proficiency exit test for final-year English…
Descriptors: Testing Problems, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
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Nematizadeh, Shahin – Journal for the Psychology of Language Learning, 2021
Willingness to communicate (WTC) has recently been researched as a dynamic variable, with some investigations viewing it as a complex dynamic system (CDS). One important property associated with CDS is the notion of attractor states, which are characterized by stable patterns of behavior. The present study employed an idiodynamic method to monitor…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Language Fluency, Task Analysis