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Language Specificity of Infant-Directed Speech: Speaking Rate and Word Position in Word-Learning Contexts
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Han, Mengru; de Jong, Nivja H.; Kager, René – Language Learning and Development, 2021
Previous research indicates that infant-directed speech (IDS) is usually slower than adult-directed speech (ADS) and mothers prefer placing a focused word in isolation or utterance-final position in (English) IDS, which may benefit word learning. This study investigated the speaking rate and word position of IDS in two typologically-distinct…
Descriptors: Infants, Language Acquisition, Speech Communication, Mothers
Learning in Complex Environments: The Effects of Background Speech on Early Word Learning
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McMillan, Brianna T. M.; Saffran, Jenny R. – Child Development, 2016
Although most studies of language learning take place in quiet laboratory settings, everyday language learning occurs under noisy conditions. The current research investigated the effects of background speech on word learning. Both younger (22- to 24-month-olds; n = 40) and older (28- to 30-month-olds; n = 40) toddlers successfully learned novel…
Descriptors: Language Acquisition, Vocabulary, Age Differences, Toddlers
Noun and Verb Production in Maternal and Child Language: Continuity, Stability, and Prediction across the Second Year of Life
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Longobardi, Emiddia; Spataro, Pietro; Putnick, Diane L.; Bornstein, Marc H. – Language Learning and Development, 2016
The present study examined continuity/discontinuity and stability/instability of noun and verb production measures in 30 child-mother dyads observed at 16 and 20 months, and predictive relations with the acquisition of nouns and verbs at 24 months. Children exhibited significant discontinuity and robust stability in the frequency of nouns and…
Descriptors: Nouns, Verbs, Parent Child Relationship, Language Acquisition
Experimentally Induced Increases in Early Gesture Lead to Increases in Spoken Vocabulary
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LeBarton, Eve Sauer; Goldin-Meadow, Susan; Raudenbush, Stephen – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2015
Differences in vocabulary that children bring with them to school can be traced back to the gestures they produced at the age of 1;2, which, in turn, can be traced back to the gestures their parents produced at the same age (Rowe & Goldin-Meadow, 2009a). We ask here whether child gesture can be experimentally increased and, if so, whether the…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Vocabulary Development, Intervention, Oral Language
Two-Year-Olds Interpret Novel Phonological Neighbors as Familiar Words
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Swingley, Daniel – Developmental Psychology, 2016
When children hear a novel word in a context presenting a novel object and a familiar one, they usually assume that the novel word refers to the novel object. In a series of experiments, we tested whether this behavior would be found when 2-year-olds interpreted novel words that differed phonologically from familiar words in only 1 sound, either a…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Vocabulary Development, Phonology, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension)
Associations among Play, Gesture and Early Spoken Language Acquisition
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Hall, Suzanne; Rumney, Lisa; Holler, Judith; Kidd, Evan – First Language, 2013
The present study investigated the developmental interrelationships between play, gesture use and spoken language development in children aged 18-31 months. The children completed two tasks: (i) a structured measure of pretend (or "symbolic") play and (ii) a measure of vocabulary knowledge in which children have been shown to gesture.…
Descriptors: Correlation, Play, Language Acquisition, Nonverbal Communication