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Direct linkAndrew David McKay Jr. – ProQuest LLC, 2021
The purpose of this study is to explore the statistical nature of the linguistic interdependence hypothesis (Cummins, 1976, 2017) in the spring of 2nd grade of students in foreign language immersion programs. Specifically, the interdependent relationship between L2 language proficiency levels and L1 reading academic performance in an environment…
Descriptors: Immersion Programs, Second Languages, Literacy Education, Grade 2
Jennifer Moore Vice-Reshel – ProQuest LLC, 2024
The purpose of this study was to investigate Spanish-speaking multilingual learner (MLL) students' long-term academic outcomes after participation in an early childhood education (ECE) program with English instruction. The study included 359 Spanish-speaking MLLs who qualified for Free and Reduced Lunch from Grade 1 to Grade 6. Participants…
Descriptors: Early Childhood Education, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Grade 2
