This quantitative study examined the moderating role of Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) faculty motivation orientation, expressed as autonomous or controlled motivation, on the relationship between faculty job satisfaction and the faculty's perception of their program director's transformational or transactional leadership behavior. Participants included faculty at university-based MLS programs in the United States. The participants completed a combination of three surveys and a demographic questionnaire. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire Form 5X-Short assessed faculty's perception of their program director's leadership behavior, the Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale determined faculty's motivation orientation, and the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire assessed faculty's job satisfaction. Hierarchical multiple regression revealed that program directors' transformational leadership, program directors' transactional leadership, and faculty's autonomous motivation could separately predict faculty job satisfaction. However, findings suggested the absence of a moderation effect of faculty's autonomous and controlled motivation on the relationships between program directors' perceived leadership style and faculty job satisfaction. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]