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Gathercole, Virginia C. Mueller; Stadthagen-González, Hans; Pérez-Tattam, Rocío; Yava?, Feryal – Second Language Research, 2016
This study examines possible semantic interaction in fully fluent adult simultaneous and early second language (L2) bilinguals. Monolingual and bilingual speakers of Spanish and English (n = 144) were tested for their understanding of lexical categories that differed in their two languages. Simultaneous bilinguals came from homes in which Spanish…
Descriptors: Semantics, Spanish, Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency
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Hartanto, Andree; Yang, Hwajin – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
Prior research suggesting that longer bilingual experience benefits inhibitory control and monitoring has been criticized for a lack of control over confounding variables. We addressed this issue by using a propensity-score matching procedure that enabled us to match early and late bilinguals on 18 confounding variables--for example, demographic…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Inhibition, Metacognition, Immigrants