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H. Lee Swanson; Genesis D. Arizmendi; Jui-Teng Li – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2024
This cohort-sequential study explored the working memory (WM) structures that underlie growth in mathematical word problem solving (WPS) performance in elementary school emergent bilingual children whose first language (L1) is Spanish. To this end, children (N = 429) in Grades 1, 2, and 3 in southwest U.S. school districts at Wave 1 were…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Problem Solving, Word Problems (Mathematics), Elementary School Students
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White, Michelle J. – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2021
The current longitudinal study set out to investigate the development of working memory and English language skills of 5-6 year old English Language Learners. These English Language Learners are all in their first year of formal schooling and all attend the same school in South Africa. South Africa has a rich linguistic diversity which results in…
Descriptors: English Language Learners, Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency, Short Term Memory
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Swanson, H. Lee; Kong, Jennifer; Petcu, Stefania D. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2023
This study investigated the stability of latent classes of students with learning disabilities among a heterogeneous sample of elementary-aged children whose first language is Spanish. To this end, children (N = 284) in Grades 1, 2, and 3 at Wave 1 (Year 1) were administered a battery of vocabulary, reading, math, and cognitive measures…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Students with Disabilities, English (Second Language), Spanish Speaking
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Mastrantuono, Eliana; Saldaña, David; Rodríguez-Ortiz, Isabel R. – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2019
We tested the capability of deaf adolescents, including a group of users of cochlear implants, to generate inferences during spoken language comprehension and whether they benefited from the use of sign-supported speech (SSS). Stimuli consisted of 24 short video-recorded texts in spoken language and in SSS. Participants responded to literal and…
Descriptors: Deafness, Adolescents, Assistive Technology, Hearing Impairments
Swanson, H. Lee; Orosco, Michael J.; Kudo, Milagros – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2017
This cohort-sequential study explored the components of working memory (WM) that underlie second language (L2) reading growth in 450 children at risk and not at risk for reading disabilities (RD) whose first language is Spanish. English language learners designated as balanced and nonbalanced bilinguals with and without risk for RD in Grades 1, 2,…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Bilingualism, Reading Difficulties, Spanish Speaking
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Swanson, H. Lee; Kudo, Milagros; Guzman-Orth, Danielle – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2016
This study investigated the prevalence and stability of latent classes at risk for reading disabilities (RD) in elementary-aged children whose first language is Spanish. To this end, children (N = 489) in Grades 1, 2, and 3 at Wave 1 were administered a battery of reading, vocabulary, and cognitive measures (short-term memory [STM], working memory…
Descriptors: English Language Learners, At Risk Students, Reading Difficulties, Learning Disabilities
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Bialystok, Ellen; Craik, Fergus; Luk, Gigi – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2008
Ninety-six participants, who were younger (20 years) or older (68 years) adults and either monolingual or bilingual, completed tasks assessing working memory, lexical retrieval, and executive control. Younger participants performed most of the tasks better than older participants, confirming the effect of aging on these processes. The effect of…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Monolingualism, Language Processing, Bilingualism