Learning strategies have been recognized as important predictors of mathematical achievement. In recent studies, it has been found that Asian students use combined learning strategies, primarily including metacognitive strategies, rather than rote memorization. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there is only one prior study including South…

While creativity has traditionally been linked to arts education, the importance of developing the ability to think creatively across the school curriculum has grown in prominence (James et al. 2019), reflected by its inclusion in OECD PISA 2022 for the first time (OECD, 2024). Creativity enables learners to thrive in a rapidly evolving workplace,…

Background: Metacognitive reading strategies, such as monitoring and regulating one's reading processes, are critical for enhancing reading comprehension and achievement. However, their effectiveness can vary across different educational contexts and student populations, necessitating flexible instructional approaches. This study examines the…

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationships among information and communication technology (ICT) engagement, meta-cognitive strategies and digital reading. Specifically, we used PISA 2018 data to examine whether (a) the behavioural aspect of ICT engagement negatively impacted digital reading, (b) the motivational aspect of ICT…

Reading engagement is a strong predictor of students' reading outcomes, but its consistent positive effects across diverse student groups remain unclear. Research on the reading engagement of multilingual adolescents is notably limited. We investigated the interactions of affective and cognitive dimensions of reading engagement in relation to…

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of students with varying levels of reading competence according to their selection of metacognitive methods from the 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) survey. The research group consisted of 6,890 pupils from the Republic of Turkey who participated in the PISA 2018…

There is currently a lack of a more integrated perspective on reading literacy education. In preschool reading activities, it's important to maximize an individual's potential for reading literacy development with limited nurturing energy. Based on self-regulated theory and metacognitive models, this study explored the pathway model of the…

The purpose of the study was to investigate how student and teacher-related non-cognitive variables were important factors in the reading performances of Turkish students in PISA 2018. The results of the HLM analysis revealed that economic, social, and cultural status (ESCS) as a background variable was considered an effective predictor of student…

The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a large-scale assessment of 15-year-old students' achievements in three broad areas: Reading, science, and mathematics. PISA results are widely used in discussions on various educational aspects, such as educational policy, quality of education, and teaching methods. Although PISA started…

The purpose of this study is to explain the gender differences in reading achievement with the mediating role of metacognitive strategies and reading-related attitudes. Hypotheses were tested with 6890 students [3396 (49.3%) females, 3494 (50.7%) males] who participated in PISA 2018 in Turkey. The path analysis results indicated that gender had…

The motto "if you can't measure it, you can't manage it" is the basic idea of innovation in every area of business life. In education, governments get involved in many studies such as the Programme for International Educational Study (PISA), which can lead policy-makers on how to measure and improve the level of education. This research…

This paper investigates the relationship between secondary school students' reading metacognition and summary writing skills--which represent a part of their academic language skills--within a network of psychological and sociocultural factors consisting of positivity, tolerance and respect, resilience, and culture and cooperation. We used data…

This study examined the predictive power of students' demographic characteristics, reading attitudes, school characteristics, and teacher-informed reading activities on three metacognitive reading skills: understanding and remembering, summarizing, and assessing credibility and their influence on 15-year-old students' reading scores. The dataset…

This study aimed to compare key predictors of academic resilience in the distinctive socio-cultural contexts of South Korea and the United States, employing a machine-learning-based random forest technique. Using PISA 2018 data, we focused on students in the bottom 25% of family socioeconomic status, totaling 1,654 in South Korea and 1,175 in the…

The aim of this study was to examine the moderator role of gender and socioeconomic status (SES) factors in the relationship between students' metacognitive skills and reading performance. The sample of the study was 6890 students in the age group of 15 years-old who participated in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) in 2018…