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Lafontaine, Dominique; Monseur, Christian – European Educational Research Journal, 2009
In this article we discuss how apparently indicators that may appear straightforward, such as gender differences, need to be interpreted with extreme care. In particular, we consider how the assessment framework, and the methodology of international surveys, may have a potential impact on the results and on the indicators. Through analysis of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Reading Comprehension, Test Format, Comparative Analysis
Monseur, Christian – Studies in Educational Evaluation, 2005
Large scale surveys in education have to face non-response issues that might bias the results. Non-response can occur at three levels: (i) a school refuses to participate, (ii) a sample student fails to participate and (iii) a participating student refuses to answer a particular question. Until now schools and student non-response have been…
Descriptors: Small Schools, Research Methodology, Educational Assessment, School Surveys