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Pokropek, Artur; Borgonovi, Francesca; McCormick, Carina – Applied Measurement in Education, 2017
Large-scale international assessments rely on indicators of the resources that students report having in their homes to capture the financial capital of their families. The scaling methodology currently used to develop the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) background indices is designed to maximize within-country comparability…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Achievement Tests, Secondary School Students, International Assessment