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Direct linkOliveri, Maria Elena; Ercikan, Kadriye; Lyons-Thomas, Juliette; Holtzman, Steven – Applied Measurement in Education, 2016
Differential item functioning (DIF) analyses have been used as the primary method in large-scale assessments to examine fairness for subgroups. Currently, DIF analyses are conducted utilizing manifest methods using observed characteristics (gender and race/ethnicity) for grouping examinees. Homogeneity of item responses is assumed denoting that…
Descriptors: Test Bias, Language Minorities, Effect Size, Foreign Countries
